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Microsoft Accessibility Help. Office Accessibility Training. Retrieved September 20, Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on March 12, London: IEEE. Archived from the original on April 28, Archived from the original on June 21, Because every day a huge number of people meet to exchange ideas and make decisions with PowerPoint slides being displayed on the wall, investigating the tool is enormously important Despite the pervasiveness of PowerPoint in our culture there have been few empirical studies and most of the non-empirical work is based on casual essays and informal anecdotal reviews which very often take a polemic and overall negative position on PowerPoint, rather than conducting formal scholarship.
This lack of rigorous studies and empirical research is surprising given the enormous complexity and importance of the PowerPoint tool. Mayer is concerned with how to present information in ways that help people understand, including how to use words and pictures to explain scientific and mathematical concepts. But that convention is no longer wise in the light of research that shows that even that amount of text on a slide can be a recipe for information overload.
The Presentation Secrets of Steve Jobs. Archived from the original on March 25, Retrieved September 24, And no, Steve Jobs did not invent the style. He just happened to use it very effectively. Insights Publishing. Kosslyn, Ph. Archived from the original on March 1, July 17, Frontiers in Psychology. PMC PMID The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved July 10, An online poll by YouGov showed that 81 per cent of UK Snapchat users agreed that PowerPoint was a great tool for making presentations.
PowerPoint, with its capacity to be highly visual, bridges the wordy world of yesterday with the visual future of tomorrow. Archived from the original on October 4, Retrieved October 7, PowerPoint got off to a very slow start in infiltrating the military forces of the world In the s, the outward signs of form over substance are field grade officers grinding out slick PowerPoint briefing charts Archived from the original on April 27, Retrieved September 19, July 1, Armed Forces Journal.
Hammes PowerPoint Challenge". Small Wars Journal. ISSN X. Army Times. Archived from the original on January 17, Additional archives: May 24, April 29, Archived from the original on May 3, Archived from the original on January 22, McMaster as National Security Adviser". Archived from the original on February 22, David Byrne Archive. Archived from the original on September 16, Retrieved September 16, UC Berkeley News Center.
Archived from the original on March 11, David Byrne Journal. Archived from the original on May 23, PowerPoint Heaven.
Our goal is to show users that PowerPoint is not simply a presentation tool, but is also capable on leveraging into other areas such as creating games, artworks and animations. Archived from the original on September 1, Retrieved September 1, Version 3. A major advance April 22, Archived from the original on September 2, Retrieved September 2, Wayne's Microsoft Blog. Archived from the original on May 16, Retrieved September 3, The previous viewer had been written for the PowerPoint 97 release Microsoft Mac Office.
Archived from the original on December 17, A Bit Better Corporation. Archived from the original on May 10, Archived from the original on November 18, Retrieved January 25, Microsoft Download Center. Archived from the original on July 12, Microsoft MacTopia.
Archived from the original on February 2, Macworld magazine carried its first Microsoft advertisement for PowerPoint in its November issue, with the initial subhead "Introducing Microsoft PowerPoint.
Archived from the original on July 16, February 14, Microsoft said it is packaging separate CNET Review. Archived from the original on September 25, X release". Archived from the original on July 18, X would be available to the public on November Office v. Retrieved August 6, November 10, Maximum PC. August Archived from the original on July 6, PowerPoint Mobile—a new addition to the suite—doubles as a powerful sleep-aid. February 6, Archived from the original on October 15, Retrieved October 14, Microsoft Office PowerPoint PowerPoint Home and Student version June 5, PowerPoint was updated in November Microsoft November 28, January 18, Archived from the original on June 29, Archived from the original on August 7, September 7, Microsoft PowerPoint for Mac Archived from the original on July 15, Archived from the original on September 21, Redmond Channel Partner Magazine.
Archived from the original on April 25, Microsoft Office Blogs. Archived from the original on April 24, Archived from the original on June 22, Redmond Magazine. Archived from the original on June 26, Archived from the original on September 26, Office for Mac is now available in countries and 16 languages. Microsoft confirmed to us that there is no Office for Mac release planned.
Archived from the original on January 19, Retrieved January 18, PowerPoint Archived from the original on July 17, Microsoft noted that it has added 'Mobile' to the app names on PCs and big tablets to help distinguish them from the desktop-based Office application suite On phones and small tablets—i. Today is the worldwide release of Office for Windows. Archived from the original on January 25, Microsoft made these Desktop Bridge apps—which company officials previously referred to as the "Office in the Windows Store apps"—available to Windows 10 S users in preview form last Summer.
Archived from the original on August 4, Additional archives: March 24, These versions are described in the sidebar, "Presentation Formats and PowerPoint," p. April 24, System requirements are in a table at the very end of this document. Archived from the original on December 10, X requires OS X PowerPoint X Videomaker Magazine.
York Publishing. Archived from the original on July 29, Microsoft TechNet. Archived from the original on July 30, Echo's Voice. Archived from the original on August 13, January 15, Archived from the original on May 29, Archived from the original on December 9, Archived from the original on November 8, Microsoft Office. This webpage contains dated feature updates listed separately for each nearly-monthly update since the original release. Archived from the original on July 20, Microsoft Garage.
Archived from the original on August 1, Retrieved August 7, Microsoft Reference Source. Retrieved August 10, This module maps document extensions to Content Mime Type. November 17, Archived from the original on July 24, Digital Preservation, Library of Congress. Retrieved August 13, Archived from the original on August 14, Retrieved May 23, PowerPoint does not support saving to PowerPoint 95 and earlier file formats.
PPS ". Archived from the original on April 30, Retrieved August 11, These formats and file name extensions apply to Microsoft PowerPoint. Archived from the original on December 28, Ecma International. Archived from the original on July 14, Ngo, Tom ed. Archived from the original PDF on April 12, OpenXML was designed from the start to be capable of faithfully representing the pre-existing corpus of word-processing documents, presentations, and spreadsheets that are encoded in binary formats defined by Microsoft Corporation.
The original binary formats for these files were based on direct serialization of in-memory data structures Technical Committee 45 TC When one electronic document format standard is not enough [pre-print]" PDF.
Archived PDF from the original on August 13, In this case, the attempt to design a de jure standard in fact produced even greater entrenchment of the existing de facto standard it was designed to replace.
Archived from the original on August 11, International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved August 9, Office Open XML. Archived from the original on May 8, The goal of project was not to add ODF support to Microsoft Office, but only to create a plugin and an external tool-set. Among its features, Word includes a built-in spell checker, a thesaurus, a dictionary, and utilities for manipulating and editing text.
The following are some aspects of its feature set. Several later versions of Word include the ability for users to create their formatting templates, allowing them to define a file in which: the title, heading, paragraph, and other element designs differ from the standard Word templates. For example, Normal. It determines the margin defaults as well as the layout of the text and font defaults. Although Normal. This will change other documents which were created using the template.
It can also be used to create and display simple line art. Microsoft Word added support [81] for the common SVG vector image format in for Office ProPlus subscribers and this functionality was also included in the Office release. WordArt enables drawing text in a Microsoft Word document such as a title, watermark, or other text, with graphical effects such as skewing, shadowing, rotating, stretching in a variety of shapes and colors, and even including three-dimensional effects.
Users can apply formatting effects such as shadow, bevel, glow, and reflection to their document text as easily as applying bold or underline. Users can also spell-check text that uses visual effects and add text effects to paragraph styles. A Macro is a rule of pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence often a sequence of characters should be mapped to an output sequence according to a defined process.
Frequently used or repetitive sequences of keystrokes and mouse movements can be automated. Like other Microsoft Office documents, Word files can include advanced macros and even embedded programs. This extensive functionality can also be used to run and propagate viruses in documents. The tendency for people to exchange Word documents via email, USB flash drives , and floppy disks made this an especially attractive vector in A prominent example was the Melissa virus , but countless others have existed.
These macro viruses were the only known cross-platform threats between Windows and Macintosh computers and they were the only infection vectors to affect any macOS system up until the advent of video codec trojans in Word's macro security setting, which regulates when macros may execute, can be adjusted by the user, but in the most recent versions of Word, it is set to HIGH by default, generally reducing the risk from macro-based viruses, which have become uncommon.
Before Word Word 14 for Windows, the program was unable to correctly handle ligatures defined in OpenType fonts.
Since Word , the program now has advanced typesetting features which can be enabled, [83] OpenType ligatures, [84] kerning and hyphenation previous versions already had the latter two features. Other layout deficiencies of Word include the inability to set crop marks or thin spaces. Various third-party workaround utilities have been developed. In Word for Mac OS X, support of complex scripts was inferior even to Word 97 [86] and Word did not support Apple Advanced Typography features like ligatures or glyph variants.
Microsoft word is only awkwardly suitable for some kinds of technical writing, specifically, that which requires: mathematical equations , figure placement, table placement and cross-references to any of these items. The usual workaround for equations is to use a third-party equation typesetter. Figures and tables must be placed manually; there is an anchor mechanism but it is not designed for fully automatic figure placement and editing text after placing figures and tables often requires re-placing those items by moving the anchor point and even then the placement options are limited.
This problem is deeply baked into Word's structure since as it does not know where page breaks will occur until the document is printed. Microsoft Word supports bullet lists and numbered lists. It also features a numbering system that helps add correct numbers to pages, chapters, headers, footnotes, and entries of tables of content; these numbers automatically change to correct ones as new items are added or existing items are deleted. Bullets and numbering can be applied directly to paragraphs and converted to lists.
In particular, a second irrelevant numbered list might have not started with number one but instead resumed numbering after the last numbered list. Although Word 97 supported a hidden marker that said the list numbering must restart afterward, the command to insert this marker Restart Numbering command was only added in Word However, if one were to cut the first item of the listed and paste it as another item e. Users can also create tables in Word. Depending on the version, Word can perform simple calculations — along with support for formulas and equations as well.
Word continues to default to non-Unicode characters and non-hierarchical bulleting, despite user preference for Powerpoint-style symbol hierarchies e. Available in certain versions of Word e. According to Ron Fein of the Word 97 team, AutoSummarize cuts wordy copy to the bone by counting words and ranking sentences. First, AutoSummarize identifies the most common words in the document barring "a" and "the" and the like and assigns a "score" to each word — the more frequently a word is used, the higher the score.
Then, it "averages" each sentence by adding the scores of its words and dividing the sum by the number of words in the sentence — the higher the average, the higher the rank of the sentence. AutoSummarize was removed from the Office release version 14 as well.
Word Mobile is a word processor that allows creating and editing documents. It supports basic formatting, such as bolding, changing font size, and changing colors from red, yellow, or green. It can add comments, but can't edit documents with tracked changes. It can't open password protected documents, change the typeface, text alignment, or style normal, heading 1 ; create bulleted lists; insert pictures; or undo.
Word for the web is a free lightweight version of Microsoft Word available as part of Office on the web, which also includes web versions of Microsoft Excel and Microsoft PowerPoint.
Word for the web lacks some Ribbon tabs, such as Design and Mailings. Mailings allows users to print envelopes and labels and manage mail merge printing of Word documents. Certain advanced features like table sorting or columns will not be displayed but are preserved as they were in the document.
Other views available in the Word desktop app Outline, Draft, Web Layout and Full Screen Reading are not available, nor are side-by-side viewing, split windows and the ruler. The second and third password types were developed by Microsoft for convenient shared use of documents rather than for their protection. There is no encryption of documents that are protected by such passwords and the Microsoft Office protection system saves a hash sum of a password in a document's header where it can be easily accessed and removed by the specialized software.
Password to open a document offers much tougher protection that had been steadily enhanced in the subsequent editions of Microsoft Office. Word 95 and all the preceding editions had the weakest protection that utilized a conversion of a password to a bit key.
Key length in Word 97 and was strengthened up to 40 bit. However, modern cracking software allows removing such a password very quickly — a persistent cracking process takes one week at most.
Use of rainbow tables reduces password removal time to several seconds. Some password recovery software can not only remove a password but also find an actual password that was used by a user to encrypt the document using the brute-force attack approach.
Statistically, the possibility of recovering the password depends on the password strength. Nonetheless, a password can be fairly quickly picked with a brute-force attack, because its speed is still high regardless of the CSP selected. Moreover, since the CSPs are not active by default, their use is limited to advanced users only. Word offers significantly more secure document protection which utilizes the modern Advanced Encryption Standard AES that converts a password to a bit key using a SHA-1 hash function 50, times.
It makes password removal impossible as of today, no computer that can pick the key in a reasonable amount of time exists and drastically slows the brute-force attack speed down to several hundreds of passwords per second.
Word's protection algorithm was not changed apart from the increasing number of SHA-1 conversions up to , times and consequently, the brute-force attack speed decreased two times more. Initial releases of Word were met with criticism. Byte in criticized the documentation for Word 1. It called the software "clever, put together well and performs some extraordinary feats", but concluded that "especially when operated with the mouse, has many more limitations than benefits While the review cited an excellent WYSIWYG display, sophisticated print formatting, windows, and footnoting as merits, it criticized many small flaws, very slow performance, and "documentation produced by Madame Sadie's Pain Palace".
It concluded that Word was "two releases away from potential greatness". It's like a Mozart or Edison , whose occasional gaucherie we excuse because of his great gifts". From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Word processor developed by Microsoft. Word for Mac running on macOS Mojave Main article: History of Microsoft Word. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. November Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: WordArt. The runtime version allows users to view, edit and delete data, along with running queries, forms, reports, macros and VBA module code.
The runtime version does not allow users to change the design of Microsoft Access tables, queries, forms, reports, macros or module code. The runtime versions are similar to their corresponding full version of Access and usually compatible with earlier versions; for example Access Runtime allows a user to run an Access application made with the version as well as through Due to deprecated features in Access , its runtime version is also unable to support those older features.
Access stores all database tables, queries, forms, reports, macros, and modules in the Access Jet database as a single file. For query development, Access offers a "Query Designer", a graphical user interface that allows users to build queries without knowledge of structured query language.
In the Query Designer, users can "show" the datasources of the query which can be tables or queries and select the fields they want returned by clicking and dragging them into the grid. One can set up joins by clicking and dragging fields in tables to fields in other tables. Access allows users to view and manipulate the SQL code if desired. Any Access table, including linked tables from different data sources, can be used in a query.
Access also supports the creation of "pass-through queries". This enables users to interact with data stored outside the Access program without using linked tables or Jet. When developing reports in "Design View" additions or changes to controls cause any linked queries to execute in the background and the designer is forced to wait for records to be returned before being able to make another change. This feature cannot be turned off.
Non-programmers can use the macro feature to automate simple tasks through a series of drop-down selections. Macros allow users to easily chain commands together such as running queries, importing or exporting data, opening and closing forms, previewing and printing reports, etc. Macros support basic logic IF-conditions and the ability to call other macros. Macros can also contain sub-macros which are similar to subroutines.
In Access , enhanced macros included error-handling and support for temporary variables. Access also introduced embedded macros that are essentially properties of an object's event.
This eliminated the need to store macros as individual objects. However, macros were limited in their functionality by a lack of programming loops and advanced coding logic until Access With significant further enhancements introduced in Access , the capabilities of macros became fully comparable to VBA.
They made feature rich web-based application deployments practical, via a greatly enhanced Microsoft SharePoint interface and tools, as well as on traditional Windows desktops. It is similar to Visual Basic 6. To create a richer, more efficient and maintainable finished product with good error handling, most professional Access applications are developed using the VBA programming language rather than macros, except where web deployment is a business requirement.
In the database container or navigation pane in Access and later versions, the system automatically categorizes each object by type e. Many Access developers use the Leszynski naming convention , though this is not universal; it is a programming convention, not a DBMS-enforced rule. Developers deploy Microsoft Access most often for individual and workgroup projects the Access 97 speed characterization was done for 32 users.
Databases under 1 GB in size which can now fit entirely in RAM and simultaneous users are well within the capabilities of Microsoft Access. Disk-intensive work such as complex searching and querying take the most time.
As data from a Microsoft Access database can be cached in RAM, processing speed may substantially improve when there is only a single user or if the data is not changing. In the past, the effect of packet latency on the record-locking system caused Access databases to run slowly on a virtual private network VPN or a wide area network WAN against a Jet database. As of , [update] broadband connections have mitigated this issue. Performance can also be enhanced if a continuous connection is maintained to the back-end database throughout the session rather than opening and closing it for each table access.
In July , Microsoft acknowledged an intermittent query performance problem with all versions of Access and Windows 7 and Windows Server R2 due to the nature of resource management being vastly different in newer operating systems.
In earlier versions of Microsoft Access, the ability to distribute applications required the purchase of the Developer Toolkit; in Access , and Access the "Runtime Only" version is offered as a free download, [44] making the distribution of royalty-free applications possible on Windows XP, Vista, 7 and Windows 8.
Microsoft Access applications can adopt a split-database architecture. The single database can be divided into a separate "back-end" file that contains the data tables shared on a file server and a "front-end" containing the application's objects such as queries, forms, reports, macros, and modules. The "front-end" Access application is distributed to each user's desktop and linked to the shared database. Using this approach, each user has a copy of Microsoft Access or the runtime version installed on their machine along with their application database.
This reduces network traffic since the application is not retrieved for each use. The "front-end" database can still contain local tables for storing a user's settings or temporary data. This split-database design also allows development of the application independent of the data. One disadvantage is that users may make various changes to their own local copy of the application and this makes it hard to manage version control.
When a new version is ready, the front-end database is replaced without impacting the data database. Microsoft Access has two built-in utilities, Database Splitter [46] and Linked Table Manager, to facilitate this architecture. Linked tables in Access use absolute paths rather than relative paths, so the development environment either has to have the same path as the production environment or a "dynamic-linker" routine can be written in VBA.
For very large Access databases, this may have performance issues and a SQL backend should be considered in these circumstances. To scale Access applications to enterprise or web solutions, one possible technique involves migrating to Microsoft SQL Server or equivalent server database. A client—server design significantly reduces maintenance and increases security, availability, stability, and transaction logging.
This feature was removed from Access A variety of upgrading options are available. The corresponding SQL Server data type is binary, with only two states, permissible values, zero and 1.
Regardless, SQL Server is still the easiest migration. Retrieving data from linked tables is optimized to just the records needed, but this scenario may operate less efficiently than what would otherwise be optimal for SQL Server. For example, in instances where multi-table joins still require copying the whole table across the network. The views and stored procedures can significantly reduce the network traffic for multi-table joins.
Finally, some Access databases are completely replaced by another technology such as ASP. NET or Java once the data is converted. Further, Access application procedures, whether VBA and macros, are written at a relatively higher level versus the currently available alternatives that are both robust and comprehensive.
Note that the Access macro language, allowing an even higher level of abstraction than VBA, was significantly enhanced in Access and again in Access In many cases, developers build direct web-to-data interfaces using ASP.
NET, while keeping major business automation processes, administrative and reporting functions that don't need to be distributed to everyone in Access for information workers to maintain. Microsoft Access applications can be made secure by various methods, the most basic being password access control; this is a relatively weak form of protection.
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